Young juan ponce enrile biography tagalog

President of the Committee of the Philippines from 2008 to 2013

In this Philippine designation, the middle name or nurturing family name is Furagganan and high-mindedness surname or paternal family label is Ponce Enrile.

Juan Valentin Furagganan Cater to Enrile Sr., CLH (born Juan Valentin Furagganan;^[3] February 14, 1924), also referred to by dominion initials JPE, is a Land politician and lawyer who served as 21st President of nobility Senate of the Philippines vary 2008 to 2013 and publicize for his role in grandeur administration of Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos; his role in greatness failed coup that helped bustle the 1986 People Power Gyration and the ouster of Marcos; and his tenure in integrity Philippine legislature in the majority after the revolution. Enrile has served four terms in dignity Senate, in a total be more or less twenty-two years, he holds distinction third longest-tenure in the wildlife of the upper chamber. Shaggy dog story 2022, at the age time off 98, he returned to deliver a verdict office as the Chief Statesmanlike Legal Counsel in the polity of President Bongbong Marcos.

Enrile was a protégé of Prexy Ferdinand Marcos who served monkey Justice Secretary and Defense Revivalist during the Marcos administration. Enrile played a key role misrepresent the planning and documentary legwork for Martial Law, and was in charge of the Filipino Military during its implementation.^[4] Bug roles in this period star Presidency of the Philippine Ward Authority through which he gained control of the copra work together with Danding Cojuangco,^[5] scold being the general put drag charge of logging in prestige Philippines under martial law - a period during which jumble exports were so extensive prowl the forest cover of probity Philippines shrank until only 8% remained.^[5] By the 1980s, notwithstanding, rising factionalism in the Marcos administration led to a cut in Enrile's influence within loftiness administration.^[6]

Enrile and the Reform greatness Armed Forces Movement organized clean plot to overthrow Marcos enjoy February 1986, but they were discovered. Deciding to stage first-class last stand in Camp Aguinaldo, Enrile sought support from mess up units of the Armed Buttressing of the Philippines and traditional it from Philippine Constabulary Community Fidel Ramos in nearby Scenic Crame, who joined Enrile meet withdrawing support for Marcos sufficient February 1986. Marcos moved seat put down the dissenters top Camps Aguinaldo and Crame, on the other hand civilians who were already development mass protests in response criticism electoral fraud during the 1986 Philippine presidential election went devastate masse to Epifanio de los Santos Avenue near Enrile famous Ramos's forces, and prevented Marcos from assaulting the coup organizers.^[7][8] This mass movement of persons to protect Enrile and Ramos was one of the critical moments of the 1986 Be sociable Power Revolution which drove Marcos out of power and overcrowding exile. Enrile has continued anticipate be a politician since 1986; he was the Senate President^[9] from November 2008 until crown resignation on June 5, 2013. He remained a Senator depending on 2016, latterly as Minority Governor.

Early life and education

Enrile was born on February 14, 1924, in Gonzaga, Cagayan, to Petra Furagganan, the stepdaughter of clever poor fisherman. He was natural out of wedlock, as government father, the Spanish mestizo member of the bar and influential provincial politician Alfonso Ponce Enrile, was already spliced. At the time of crown birth, Alfonso served as a-one representative from the 1st regional of Cagayan. He was christened into the Philippine Independent Sanctuary (Aglipayan) as Juanito Furagganan.^[3] Sharp-tasting converted to Roman Catholicism win age 20.^[10] As a rural man, he was reunited get a message to his father in the Single-mindedness of Manila and took rule secondary education at Saint Saint Academy in Malabon, Rizal. Surmount father took legal steps compromise changing his name to Juan Ponce Enrile, the name deviate he would use for wreath pre-law enrollment.^[11]

He graduated cum laude in 1949 with an Correlate of Arts degree from representation Ateneo de Manila. Afterward, smartness attended the University of rendering PhilippinesCollege of Law and piecemeal cum laude with a Unmarried of Laws degree. While loaded law school, he joined glory Sigma Rho fraternity, the prime law-based fraternity in Asia be equal with other Senate colleagues such orang-utan Franklin Drilon and father perch son duo Edgardo Angara nearby Sonny Angara among many austerity. Upon graduation, he was elective to the Pi Gamma Mu and Phi Kappa Phi universal honor societies. He scored Ordinal in the 1953 bar examinations with a 91.72% rating enjoin a perfect score in market law. As a scholar adventure Harvard Law School, he deserved a Master of Laws proportion with specialized training in general tax law.

He taught dishonest at the Far Eastern Academia and practiced law in enthrone father's law firm before exercise responsibility for then-Senator Ferdinand Marcos' personal legal affairs in 1964, especially during the latter's label as Senate President. After Marcos was elected president in 1965, Enrile became part of crown inner circle.

Career in loftiness Marcos Sr. Cabinet

Before Martial Law

Enrile, like Marcos, comes from ethics northern Philippines, a region stroll had become Marcos' recruiting turf for key political and brave leaders during his time. Enrile was with Marcos since king election in 1965.^[12] His jihad efforts were rewarded with hoaxer appointment as chief of depiction Bureau of Customs and integrity government's service insurance commission.

From 1966 to 1968, he was the Undersecretary and sometime Falsehood Secretary of the Department compensation Finance. He concurrently became falsehood Insurance Commissioner and Commissioner ticking off the Bureau of Customs. Proud 1968 to 1970, he was the Secretary of Justice.^[13]

The Turn-off of National Defense would swell its power when Marcos not spelt out the presidency in 1965. Marcos appointed Enrile as his Wordsmith of National Defense on Feb 9, 1970, a position Enrile held until August 27, 1971, when he resigned to trot unsuccessfully for the senate.^[14] Elegance was re-appointed Defense Secretary past as a consequence o Marcos on January 4, 1972. As Defense Secretary, he was the highest-ranked commissioned officer close a nation's armed forces.^{[citation needed]}

Martial law

Preparations for the declaration endorsement martial law

From the beginning round Marcos' period in government, Enrile was one of the lightly cooked that the former president off the record, and was seen by haunt as Marcos' protégé. For fake the entire period of Belligerent Law, Enrile served officially orangutan the martial law administrator whereas he was in charge hill all the armed forces' professional care during that time. Furthermore, similarly early as Marcos' planning fairy story preparation for the declaration reinforce martial law, Enrile was involved.^[15] In his memoir, Enrile recalls Marcos' careful preparations. He narrates that as early as Dec 1969, Marcos instructed him close study the 1935 Constitution, ie the powers of the Prexy as Commander-in-Chief. Marcos had by now foreseen a rise in power and chaos in the land and wanted to know distinction exact extent of his powers.^[4]

At the end of Jan of the following year, Enrile, with help from Efren Plana and Minerva Gonzaga Reyes, submitted the only copy of grandeur report regarding the detailed properties and extent of Martial Construct to Marcos. Soon after, Marcos allegedly ordered Enrile to coach all documents necessary for character implementation of Martial Law lid the Philippines.^[16] In August 1972, Marcos once again met sell Enrile and a few imbursement his other most trusted commanders to discuss tentative dates get something done the declaration. By September 22, 1972, Marcos announced that explicit had placed the entire realm under Martial Law as custom 9 p.m. via proclamation 1081 which, he claimed, he locked away signed on September 21, 1972.^[4]

Alleged September 22, 1972 ambush

Main article: 1972 Enrile Ambush

One of Marcos' justifications for the declaration walk up to martial law that year was terrorism. He cited the supposed ambush attack on Enrile's ivory Mercedes-Benz sedan on September 22, 1972, as a pretext set out martial law. At the tightly, many people doubted that depiction attack took place. Marcos, utilize his diary entry for Sept 1972, wrote that Enrile confidential been ambushed near Wack-Wack guarantee night. He says "it was a good thing he was riding in his security machine as a protective measure... That makes the martial law statement a necessity."^[4]

The doubts surrounding nobleness alleged ambush were further habitual in a press conference slackness February 23, 1986, when proliferate Lieutenant General Fidel Ramos skull Enrile admitted that the set about was staged to justify influence declaration of martial law. Both radio and television media arillate this and millions of Filipinos witnessed the said confession. Additionally, in several interviews, Enrile was reported as indeed confirming go off the attempted assassination was high-sounding to justify the declaration nigh on Martial Law.^[12] Conflicting accounts break and enter in his book, Juan Chaos Enrile: A Memoir. In decency said book, Enrile accuses cap political opponents of spreading rumors of the ambush being pretentiousness despite having already admitted a handful times that the attempted traducement was indeed fake.^[17]

Martial law polity role

Despite the later controversy, ignore the time, Enrile remained solve of Marcos' most loyal alignment. In 1973, under the original modified parliamentary system then display place under the country's in mint condition constitution under Martial Law, Enrile's title became Defense Minister. Enrile focused his efforts on spick broad review of defense policies and on dealing with dry as a bone social unrest. The abolition magnetize civilian institutions such as Meeting, the weakening of the room, and the outlawing of public parties, left the military in that the only other instrumentality endowment the national government outside clean and tidy the Presidency.^[18]

Role in logging, stand for in the Coconut Authority

See also: Deforestation in the Philippines on the Marcos administration and Filipino Coconut Authority

According to the Resolute Historical Commission of the Country, Enrile was also appointed slightly the general for logging purchase the Philippines during martial edict. He was tasked by Marcos to give certificates to logging companies, which eventually led touch on one of Asia's most keen environmental disasters. During that without fail, the forest cover of primacy Philippines shrank until only 8% remained. Enrile also owned profuse logging companies such as Ameco in Bukidnon, Dolores Timber guarantee Samar, San Jose Timber lead to Northern Samar, Kasilagan Softwood Transaction Corp in Butuan, Eurasia Lookalike in Cebu, Pan Oriental which operates in Cebu and Butuan, Palawan-Apitong Corp in Palawan, captain Royal Match. He also endowed heavily in a rubber grove in Basilan. A share obvious Marcos's ill-gotten wealth was siphoned into those companies.^[5]

Enrile was too appointed by Marcos as honesty President of the Philippine The man Authority, where he established polity of the copra industry compress with Danding Cojuangco. The match up ruled over the controversial Coconut Levy Fund which proved their intense corruption in government walk. The fund, which was alleged to be used to uplift the country's copra industry, was used by the two friendship programs led by Imelda Marcos and other Marcos cronies. Practised huge portion of the pool was also used for excellence presidential campaigns of Ferdinand Marcos in 1983.^[5]

Reduced influence

With rising factionalism in the Marcos administration in the vicinity of its latter years, Enrile's authority began to be reduced.^[6] Outcrop November 28, 1978, Marcos move along disintegrate the Letter of Instruction pollex all thumbs butte. 776, which stated that "No changes of assignment of chief officers including provincial commanders, troop drove commanders, division commanders, and tricks unit commanders shall be thought without clearance from the president."^[19]

By the 1980s, Marcos began to more aggressively bypass Enrile's authority. He clipped the capabilities of the Minister of Genetic Defense and the Chief get through Staff over the Armed Prop of the Philippines.^[20] Enrile going on to break away from leadership Marcos dictatorship. He began orientating himself with dissident elements advise the army, particularly the Change the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) - which was then fastened by his aide-de-camp, Lieutenant Colonel Gregorio Honasan. In a 1986 press conference,^[6] Enrile is quoted as having said:

As faraway back as 1982, we receive been getting persistent reports range there were efforts to weed out us . . . essential it was [at] that speck that we decided to allot a group to protect mortal physically . . . now say as the AFP Reform Movement.^[6]

Role in aborted coup and influence People Power Revolution

Main articles: Feb 1986 Reform the Armed Make a comeback Movement coup and People Dominion Revolution

Under pressure from the Brutally Government, Marcos agreed to regard the 1986 Philippine presidential preference on February 7, 1986. Contempt widespread allegations of fraud, which included a protest walkout bye-election tabulators, Marcos was proclaimed ethics winner against his opponent Corazon Aquino on February 15.^[21] Aquino protested and declared victory, entry a civil disobedience campaign motionless a massive rally in Luneta on February 16, 1986, essential then going to Cebu reverse organize more mass protests.^[22]

Officers outsider the Reform the Armed Put back together Movement, with Enrile's support, locked away been planning to launch far-out coup d'état against Marcos in that 1985, which they delayed just as Marcos announced the 1986 election.^[23] Enrile and the RAM persuaded to launch the coup surface Marcos in February 1986 nickname order to take advantage hold the political instability in ethics wake of the controversial election.^[23][24][25] However, this RAM coup d'état failed when it was observed by Ver in the ahead of time morning hours of February 22, 1986 - a day hitherto it was supposed to rectify implemented.^[26][27]

At two PM avowal February 22, 1986, Enrile on one\'s own initiative for the support of hence Lieutenant General Fidel Ramos, decency head of the Philippine Police and concurrent vice-chief of pike of the armed forces, who agreed to join Enrile.^[28] Set about the plot already uncovered vulgar Marcos, Enrile decided to camp-site at Aguinaldo in Quezon Expertise, across the Epifanio de los Santos Avenue from Ramos' office in Camp Crame.^[28] With their forces trapped in the deuce camps 5 PM on Feb 22, Enrile called Cardinal Jaime Sin, Manila Archbishop, asking operate support. Enrile is quoted whereas having told Cardinal Sin:^[28]

"I option be dead within one hr. I don't want to give way. If it is possible, conduct something. I'd still like calculate live."^[29]

Shortly after 10 pm a uncommon hours later, Cardinal Sin went on the air through Ghetto-blaster Veritas to appeal to Filipinos in the area to help Enrile and Ramos by burgle to the section of Epifanio de Los Santos Avenue (EDSA) between the two camps, big the rebels emotional support nearby supplies. Already prepared for protests linked to Aquino's civil insurrection campaign,^[22] People began gathering oral cavity EDSA, and this was rendering beginning of the citizens' putsch that became known as influence People Power Revolution.^[30]

For prestige next three days, they elongated their rally in EDSA say to containing two million people pressure support. The growing number pleased many more leaders to uphold the movement against Marcos. Enrile stated:^[31]

"It was funny... We assume the defense and military organizations who should be protecting blue blood the gentry people were being protected invitation them."^[32][33]

Enrile wanted Corazon Aquino distribute hold her inauguration as additional president in Camp Crame, on the contrary Aquino refused, emphasizing that magnanimity People Power Revolution was dinky civilian victory by the Native people, not by a revolutionary military faction.^[34] She held deny inauguration on February 25, 1986, at the nearby Club Indigen instead, with Enrile and Ramos invited only as guests.^[34] Glory People Power Revolution forced Marcos out of power on Feb 25, 1986, and Marcos, forth with his family, some nick, and millions of dollars edict stocks, jewelry, and cash, flew to exile in Hawaii preference US Government-provided DC-9 Medivac delighted C-141B planes.^[35][36]

Career in the Aquino Cabinet

Appointment and disagreements

The quick action of events in the consequence of the People Power Gyration prevented both Enrile's original scheme of forming a ruling band, and his backup plan weekend away forming a coalition government live him and Corazon Aquino monkey co-equal partners. So he push Aquino as president, and pitch the post of Secretary disregard National Defense, believing that distinction politically and militarily inexperienced executive would rely on him daily advice.^[37]: 262 However, Aquino did beg for rely on Enrile's advice restructuring much as he expected disown to.^{[37]: 262 [38]}

Enrile publicly took up necessitate anticommunist persona, organizing rallies pileup publicly decry Aquino's ceasefires meticulous peace talks with the Socialist Party of the Philippines.^{[37]: 262 [38]} That led to confrontations with copious members of Aquino's coalition cabinet,^[37]: 262 but eased tensions between Enrile and Marcos loyalists.^[38]

Enrile's relations parley the rest of the supervision further soured when the just now created Presidential Commission on And over Government, led by Jovito Salonga, began a probe of Enrile's business transactions during the Marcos years.^{[37]: 262 [38]}

Even though Marcos had anachronistic exiled, the Aquino administration continuing to face challenges, particularly deseed forces loyal to Marcos, bear from some members of illustriousness Reform the Armed Forces Onslaught which began to express discontentment with her policies.^[6] This resulted in several coup d'état attempts from 1986 to 1990 which sought to oust Aquino running away the presidency.^[6]

Enrile and Ramos were tasked with addressing the have control over of these coups, which was the July 1986 Manila Guest-house Incident in which loyalist private soldiers and officials briefly took lay over the Manila Hotel and proclaimed their own government. The complication was resolved without violence submit without much impact to goodness broader public, and the Aquino administration pursued a policy for maximum leniency towards the instigators.^[6]

Within Aquino's own "coalition cabinet," here was significant conflict, with Enrile and other rightwing cabinet associates demanding that Aquino let let loose of cabinet members associated speed up the left, and to get a more hardline stance bite the bullet the Communist Party of blue blood the gentry Philippines and the left increase by two general.^[6]

"God Save the Queen" plot

Enrile was then implicated in interpretation God Save the Queen Area that was to supposedly perception place on November 11, 1986. The investigation of the enterprise done by the Fact-Finding Credential found Enrile and some helpers of the RAM as rank primary instigators of the coup.^[39]

Forced resignation

After revealing the fruits be alarmed about the investigation findings, Aquino put on Enrile to resign as Take care of Secretary in November 1986 chimpanzee she had lost confidence increase him. Enrile was then replaced with Rafael Ileto.^[40]: 264

Congressional career

First Committee term

In May 1987, Enrile won a seat in the 1987 election as one of flash opposition members in the country's 24-member Senate (the other stare Joseph Estrada), finishing 24th. Crystalclear was unable to be self-confessed alleged until August when the electoral protest filed by Augusto Terrorist was dismissed. He formally usurped office on August 15, 1987. In later years, Enrile extended alleging that the Aquino make manipulated the vote count aside the 1987 elections, which subside called "Cory Magic".^[41]

In the changeless month Enrile assumed office laugh senator, an attempted coup counter Aquino escalated and led add up the destruction of the Scenery Forces General Headquarters (AFPGHQ) amusement Camp Aguinaldo in Quezon Hold out. He was detained in Theatrical Aguinaldo over suspicion of determination the coup with Lt. Defile. Gregorio Honasan but was free days later for lack holiday evidence. Enrile later stated profuse recalls about the martial knock about era, of which all were flip-flops from his previous statements during his term as escritoire of defense and during position ouster of Marcos. He was dubbed by then-President Corazon Aquino as "Pambansang Balimbing" (national administrative turncoat) for his contradicting statements and "Dakilang Miron" (great bystander) for his inconvenient bystander promote opportunistic attitude.^[42]

Member of the Undertake of Representatives

In 1992, before coronate term in the Senate confidential ended, Enrile predicted that noteworthy might lose the senatorial purpose or win, but only keep back three years in office. Make a mistake the transitory provisions of position 1987 Constitution, the 12 lea who receive the greatest digit of votes serve a six-year term, the next 12 nonpareil three years. He ran preferably for the House of Representatives of the Philippines. He was elected and represented the Principal District of Cagayan.

Second clobber fourth senate terms

In 1995, Enrile ran in the senatorial marathon as an independent candidate promoter senator and was also fastidious guest candidate under the Lakas–Laban coalition. He won as copperplate senator and held the arrangement until 2001. During his brief as senator, he ran little an independent candidate in authority 1998 Philippine presidential election. Closure lost to then-Vice President Carpenter Estrada.

On January 16, 2001, he was one of those who voted against the opportunity of the second bank envelope.^{[clarification needed]} That vote led assent to the second EDSA People End Revolution that eventually ousted Executive Estrada. From April 30 monitor May 1, 2001, together explore Miriam Defensor Santiago, Gregorio Honasan, Panfilo Lacson and Vicente Sotto III, he led the EDSA III protests in support dying Joseph Estrada.^[43] On May 1, 2001, the protesters stormed Malacañang Palace. In May 2001 be active was indicted by the bellicose for alleged involvement in magnanimity siege but was released regular day later. He ran purpose reelection as part of significance Puwersa ng Masa coalition. Test to the issues that eerie him over the incident, illegal lost the election.^{[citation needed]}

In high-mindedness 2004 election, he made systematic comeback bid for the Committee under the Koalisyon ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino (KNP) banner. He easily opposed the imposition of greatness Purchased Power Adjustment (PPA) scuffle consumers' electric bills. Due outlook his exposé of the PPA and the Supreme Court elect in favor of a defrayment on electric bills, the pioneer responded positively and elected him. He thus became a assembly-woman in three non-consecutive terms. Take action was re-elected as a politician in the 2010 elections. Administrator 86, he became the cardinal senator of the 15th Copulation of the Philippines. Enrile was affiliated with the opposition Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (PMP) nevertheless officially stood as an detached and was part of authority administration bloc.^{[citation needed]}

Election

On November 17, 2008, Senate President Manuel Villar resigned due to a scarcity of support, and Enrile succeeded him the same day.^{[44][45][46][47]} Enrile was nominated by Panfilo Lacson; 14 senators supported the appointment and five abstained.^[45]

Legislation

Under his ascendancy, the Senate passed vital disentangle yourself of legislation such as grandeur CARP Extension, Anti-Torture Act, Enlarged Senior Citizens Act, Anti-Child Mud Act, National Heritage Conservation Crude, and Real Estate Investment Affect, among many others. Institutional reforms were also implemented within representation Senate to improve the circadian conduct of business as satisfactorily the welfare of its work force cane and employees.

Maguindanao martial law

The Senate also collaborated with prestige House of Representatives on three crucial issues which are right now considered historical milestones. In Dec 2009, it used Proclamation Ham-fisted. 1959 of the Arroyo polity, declaring a state of warlike law and suspending the franchise of the writ of habeas corpus in the province emulate Maguindanao, while in May 2010, Congress convened to constitute strike as the national board anticipation canvass the votes for supervisor and vice president, and declare the winners.

Enrile was re-elected to a fourth fleeting in the 2010 Senate choosing. On July 26, 2010, be active was re-elected President of honesty Senate. Enrile committed himself switch over "discharge my duties and responsibilities with honor, with total earnestness to our institution, and care fairness to all members. Inept partisan consideration will blur occurrence color the treatment of circle member of the Senate. Amazement are all Senators elected bypass the people to serve them with the dedication to their interest and well-being and devoutness to our responsibilities." Furthermore, hobble his acceptance speech, he enjoined his colleagues to "uphold interpretation independence and integrity of that Senate, without abandoning our devoir to cooperate with the additional departments of the government ascend achieve what is good appearance our people."^[48]

Corona's impeachment, various feuds, and controversies

In early 2012, Enrile was the presiding officer make out the impeachment of Chief Helping hand Renato Corona. He was rob of the 20 Senators who voted guilty for the prosecution. In September 2012, he under way a feud with Antonio Trillanes when he asked Trillanes reason he secretly visited Beijing take a trip talk about the Philippines instruct the Spratly Islands dispute self-satisfaction Spratlys and the Scarborough Bar-room. Trillanes said that his call on to China was authorized dampen the Palace. He also hypothetical that Enrile was being uphold pending by former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to pass a invoice splitting the province of Camarines Sur into two but Enrile denied the allegation.

In request 2012, Enrile also started undiluted feud with Miriam Defensor Port when Santiago authored the Accountable Parenthood and Reproductive Health Supplicate of 2012 with Pia Cayetano, which he opposed. In Jan 2013, Santiago alleged that Enrile gave ₱1.6 million each put on his fellow Senators, except expend her, Pia Cayetano, Alan Pecker Cayetano, and Trillanes, who was reported to have been sui generis incomparabl given ₱250 thousand each. Proceed admitted giving the said irrelevant to the senators, saying drift it was part of excellence balance of the maintenance presentday other operating expenses (MOOE) financial assistance allowed per senator. On Jan 21, 2013, because of distinction controversies involving him, he attempted to vacate his position introduction Senate President but his on the dot was rejected.

Resignation

Amid accusations accept him, including the alleged sharing of MOOE funds to senators, Enrile stepped down as Governing body President after his privilege speaking on June 5, 2013.^[49]

Post-Senate pursuit (2016–present)

Enrile left politics after ruler term in the Senate remote in 2016. He attempted teach make a comeback in 2019 but was defeated, placing Ordinal in a field of 62 candidates.^[50]

In 2022, he officially correlative to government as the Eminent Presidential Legal Counsel in honourableness administration of President Bongbong Marcos, whom he supported in lapse year's presidential election. He la-di-da orlah-di-dah a role in forcing representation resignation of Executive SecretaryVic Rodriguez on September 17 by resisting annulling the latter's appointing of as Presidential Chief of Cudgel with extensive powers.^[51] At rank age of 100, he not bad currently the oldest serving shareholder of the Marcos administration.^[52]

Controversies

Enrile funds gift

In January 2013, while session as the Senate President, Enrile was accused of using Congress funds called MOOE as Noel gifts to members of honesty Senate who do not thing him.^[53] This led to her majesty resignation as Senate President keep away from sufficiently answering the controversy.^[54]

Involvement involve the pork barrel scam

Main article: Priority Development Assistance Fund scam

In September 2013, Enrile was improve involved in misappropriated funds, that time about the PDAF ripple what is commonly called high-mindedness pork barrel fund. Twenty mob pesos worth of Priority Incident Fund was illegally channeled takeover various bogus NGOs of Janet Lim-Napoles most of it career used by the Senator.^[55]

Enrile, be a consequence with fellow senators Bong Revilla, and Jinggoy Estrada, were indicted for plunder and for picture violation of the Anti-Graft essential Corrupt Practices Act before high-mindedness Sandiganbayan on June 6, 2014, in connection to the Longer service Development Assistance Fund scam. Designated mastermind Janet Lim Napoles elitist Enrile's former chief of cudgel Gigi Reyes were also brimful. Enrile allegedly received ₱172 packet in kickbacks from public funds.^[56] He was detained on July 3, 2014^[57] and suspended cheat his Senate post^[58] on Sep 1, 2014, for these levy, after his motions to take care bail to lift the rejection order were denied.^[59][60]

The Supreme Mindnumbing of the Philippinesen banc ancestry its decision dated February 24, 2024, denied Enrile's petition apply to dismiss and directed the Sandiganbayan to proceed with the fit of the P172-million plunder sell something to someone on the alleged pork tub scam.^[61]

Personal life

Enrile, or "Manong Johnny" as he is often entitled (manong is an Ilocano name of endearment for an elderly brother), is married to Cristina Castañer (born in 1937) who has served as the Filipino Ambassador to the Holy Photo. They have two children: Juan Jr. (Jack) and Katrina. Juan Jr. is a former office-bearer for the 1st District incline Cagayan who unsuccessfully ran expulsion a Senate seat under UNA in 2013, while Katrina critique currently CEO of Enrile's corporation Jaka Group, which owns dignity Philippine Match Company, a matchbox manufacturer, and Delimondo, a race processing company. Enrile has regular half-sister, Armida Siguion-Reyna, who was a singer as well significance a theatre and film actress.^[62]

On February 14, 2024, he scandalous 100.^[63] He celebrated his period in Malacanang, during which Bongbong Marcos said that he challenging "attained the status of have in mind icon, in the pantheon distinctive Philippine history."^[64] In honour late Enrile's centenary, the Philippine Postal Corporation issued a special personalized commemorative stamp that denotes interpretation various offices held by Enrile through the decades. This was pursuant to provisions under State 2 Act No. 10868, otherwise careful as the Centenarian Act for 2016, which honours and generosity additional benefits and privileges access Filipino centenarians.^[65]

Enrile's rumored affair mess up his former long-time employee ahead chief of staff Jessica Lucila "Gigi" Reyes, 38 years empress junior, came out after dealings that Enrile's wife, Cristina, walked out on him in Jan 1998 after charging him succeed adultery. The news made both local and international headlines.^[66] Gigi Reyes was regarded as "the door, if not the bridge" to Enrile, referring to leadership extent of closeness between distinction two. Enrile's special fondness choose Reyes was again called be of assistance by Sen. Alan Peter Cayetano after Reyes accused Cayetano enhance a media interview of deviousness for supposedly receiving a "cash gift" from Enrile.^[67] The fact led to Reyes's resignation deprive Enrile's office, which Reyes articulate was also for her ill-tempered how Enrile responded to magnanimity issue of fund misuse. Enrile insisted the resignation was as of rumors of their adulterous relationship.^[68] During the Priority Come to life Assistance Fund scandal, Reyes was once again linked to Enrile for signing documents that facilitated the release of Enrile's PDAF to fake non-governmental organizations (NGOs) linked to Janet Lim Napoles.^[67]

In 2007, Enrile's fraternity, Sigma Rho, was implicated in the passing of a University of representation Philippines student who allegedly mindnumbing during an initiation rite bang into the fraternity.^[69] As a suspension of the widely publicized reaction against Sigma Rho, Enrile labelled his fraternity brothers "Trainor stencil thugs and killers" and urged his "broads" to surrender those who were responsible for birth death of Cris Mendez.^[70] "I am calling on them relate to initiate the effort to find out the people responsible become peaceful kick them out of goodness fraternity and if necessary humankind them out of school", Enrile added.^[70]

Seeking clemency for those blameworthy of the Aquino assassination

On Lordly 21, 2007, the 24th acclamation of former Senator Ninoy Aquino's death, Enrile stated that decency case of the 14 lower ranks incarcerated for 24 years choose Aquino's assassination should be reviewed for clemency. Enrile paid aim for the legal services of picture soldiers during their trial take precedence said the soldiers and their families had suffered enough. They were initially acquitted in Dec 1985 by the Sandiganbayan's Manuel Pamaran, but after the proceeding were invalidated by the First Court and the case retried, the Sandiganbayan's Regino C. Hermosisima Jr. convicted them on Sept 28, 1990.^[71] Fifteen soldiers swallow the Aviation Security Command difficult been sentenced to double move about imprisonment for the double manslaughter of Aquino and Rolando Galman, who was falsely accused own up Aquino's assassination.^[72]

Public image

Having been tending of the longest and in front serving politicians in the State, Enrile is often the commercial of jokes and internet memes^[73] revolving around his longevity betwixt Filipino humorists, with his assumed "immortality", supposed witnessing of antiquated and biblical events, outliving lackey and international politicians and abiding disasters and health scares specified as the COVID-19 pandemic give off common themes.^[74]

Depiction

Enrile was portrayed soak Joonee Gamboa in the 1988 TV drama film A Nontoxic Life, whose filming Enrile erroneously tried to stop in mindnumbing citing privacy issues.^[75] He was also portrayed by Bugoy Cariño and Enrique Gil in wonderful two-part special on the newspaperwomen drama anthology series Maalaala Rubric Kaya, featuring his life unique. Both part of the program's 21st season, the first possessions that was aired on Apr 27, 2013, is entitled Sapatos (lit. transl. Shoes), while the second height that was aired on May well 4, 2013, is entitled Diploma.^[76]

Notes

References